Total Joint Replacement

What is Total Joint Replacement?

Total joint replacement is a procedure that involves the removal of an arthritic or damaged joint. It is replaced with an artificial joint called a prosthesis.

What is a Joint?

A joint is formed by the ends of two or more bones, connected by ligaments and a “capsule.” A knee joint for example, is formed by the lower leg bone, called the tibia or shin bone, and the thighbone, called the femur. The hip is a ball and socket joint, formed by the upper end of the femur, the ball, and a part of the pelvis called the acetabulum, the socket.

A smooth layer called cartilage covers the bone ends of a joint. Normal cartilage allows nearly pain-free movement. However, when the cartilage becomes damaged by arthritis, joints become stiff and painful. Every joint is enclosed by a fibrous tissue envelope that is lined with a smooth tissue called the synovium. The synovium produces fluid that reduces friction and wear in a joint.